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Local zeta-function : ウィキペディア英語版
Local zeta-function
Suppose that ''V'' is a non-singular ''n''-dimensional projective algebraic variety over the field F''q'' with ''q'' elements. In number theory, the local zeta function ''Z''(''V'', ''s'') of ''V'' (sometimes called the congruent zeta function) is defined as
:Z(V, s) = \exp\left(\sum_^\infty \frac (q^)^m\right)
where ''N''''m'' is the number of points of ''V'' defined over the degree ''m'' extension F''q''''m'' of F''q''. By the variable transformation u=q^, then it is defined by
:
\mathit (V,u) = \exp
\left( \sum_^ N_m \frac \right)

as the formal power series of the variable ''u''.
Equivalently, sometimes it is defined as follows:
:
(1)\ \ \mathit (V,0) = 1 \,

:
(2)\ \ \frac \log \mathit (V,u) = \sum_^ N_m u^\ .
In other word, the local zeta function ''Z(V,u)'' with coefficients in the finite field F is defined as a function whose logarithmic derivative generates the numbers ''Nm'' of the solutions of equation, defining ''V'', in the ''m'' degree extension F''m''.

==Formulation==

Given ''F'', there is, up to isomorphism, just one field ''Fk'' with
:(F_k : F ) = k \,,
for ''k'' = 1, 2, ... . Given a set of polynomial equations — or an algebraic variety ''V'' — defined over ''F'', we can count the number
:N_k \,
of solutions in ''Fk'' and create the generating function
:G(t) = N_1t +N_2t^2/2 + N_3t^3/3 +\cdots \,.
The correct definition for ''Z''(''t'') is to make log ''Z'' equal to ''G'', and so
:Z= \exp (G(t)) \,
we will have ''Z''(0) = 1 since ''G''(0) = 0, and ''Z''(''t'') is ''a priori'' a formal power series.
Note that the logarithmic derivative
:Z'(t)/Z(t) \,
equals the generating function
:G'(t) = N_1 +N_2t^1 + N_3t^2 +\cdots \,.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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